Chapter 13

Education production functions

Eric A. Hanushek      Hoover Institution, Stanford University, CESifo, IZA and NBER, Stanford, CA, United States

Abstract

The estimation of education production functions has provided direct evidence about the effectiveness of various educational policies. Most specifically, the existing analyses that explain differences in student outcomes by the influences of families, peers, and schools strongly indicate that the current provision of schooling is very inefficient. Commonly purchased inputs to schools—class size, teacher experience, and teacher education—bear little systematic relationship to student outcomes, implying that many conventional input policies are unlikely to improve achievement. ...

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