Chapter 7
Clarifying -ING Words
Introduction
7.1 Revise -ING words that follow and modify nouns
7.2 Revise -ING words that follow certain verbs
7.3 Revise dangling -ING phrases
7.4 Punctuate -ING phrases correctly
7.5 Hyphenate -ING words in compound modifiers
7.6 Eliminate unnecessary -ING phrases and -ING clauses
7.7 Revise ambiguous -ING + noun constructions
7.8 Revise ambiguous to be + -ING constructions
The Grammar of -ING Words
Gerund, Adjective, or Noun?
-ING Clauses
-ING Phrases
Some Contexts in Which -ING Words Are Unambiguous
Introduction
In this book, the term -ING word refers to a word that is formed by adding -ing to the root form ...