IN CONTEXT
The Dutch Golden Age
1585 The founding of the Dutch Republic; Protestants in the south move northward.
1595 Cornelis de Houtman leads an expedition to Asia, starting the Dutch spice trade.
1609 The Bank of Amsterdam is founded.
1610–1630 Land is reclaimed; the Dutch Republic increases in area by one-third and agricultural output increases.
1637 A single tulip bulb sells for up to 10 times the annual income of a skilled craftsman.
1650 Half the Republic’s population lives in urban areas; the Netherlands is the most urbanized region in Europe.
The Amsterdam Stock Exchange—the world’s first permanent market for stocks and shares—opened ...
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