4

The physical market in the international cocoa trade

Abstract:

This chapter covers the history of the physical or actuals market, and its evolution from spot sales to a modern market using standardised contracts with arbitration services and allowing forward sales. The main origin countries’ individual methods of marketing their cocoa following liberalisation of Marketing Boards and Caisse de Stabilisation are discussed, together with the role of bulk cocoa and the economics of processing at origin. The changing role of the brokers, dealers, processors and chocolate manufacturers is included.

Key words

physical market

actuals

spot market

forward sales FCC

CMAA

Marketing Boards

Caisse de Stabilisation

free markets

processing at origin

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