1 THE SEARCH FOR INTELLIGENCE
Intelligence is not about being human, but about being able to behave effectively in new situations. This ability does not require a brain: we can find it also in plants, ant colonies and software. Different agents can display this ability to different extents in different tasks: there is not a single general way to be intelligent, nor a secret formula or a single test. It is misleading to attribute human qualities to all intelligent agents, and when reflecting on the intelligences we encounter in our browsers we would do better by comparing them with the snails and herbs in our garden, rather than with us.
In 1972 and 1973, NASA launched two Pioneer spacecraft destined to ultimately ...
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