9.2. RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF DATA

Fundamentally, any item measure should meet two tests:

  1. The item measures what it is intended to measure (i.e., it is valid).

  2. A remeasurement would order individual responses in the same way (i.e., it is reliable).

The remainder of this section describes techniques and procedures designed to assure that measurement systems produce numbers with these properties. A good measurement system possesses certain properties. First, it should produce a number that is "close" to the actual property being measured, i.e., it should be accurate. Second, if the measurement system is applied repeatedly to the same object, the measurements produced should be close to one another, i.e., it should be repeatable. Third, the measurement ...

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