Chapter 4. Casualties of the I*Dimension

What do Carly Fiorina, Jean-Marie Messier, Thomas Middelhoff, and Philip Purcell have in common? All four, two from the United States and two from Europe, had outstanding credentials as business leaders. All four were highly visible and widely acclaimed in their roles as chief executive officer (CEO). The firms they led were seriously challenged in the business and technological environment of the 1990s. Each articulated compelling strategic visions for their firms, and their strategies were initially hailed as sound, bold, and necessary. All four, however, lost their jobs in astonishingly public fashion. All four failed to deliver, in one way or another, the change they promised.

They had something else ...

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