Chapter 21
Learning in Fog
Martin van den Brink, who led one of the most challenging breakthroughs in semiconductor manufacturing, says navigating uncertainty is like driving a car in difficult conditions: “It is foggy and dark. [There are] a few folks with red lights ahead of you, and you are driving as fast as you can. But as you start to get more successful, you are in front. There are no more lights in front, and you have no clue what to do.”1 How do you navigate through the fog?
The fields of evolutionary biology, strategy, and innovation sometimes use the analogy of an “opportunity landscape” hidden by fog to describe uncertain situations. Imagine a 3D topographical map full of hills and valleys. With no knowledge of the landscape shrouded ...
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