Transport Processes and Separation Process Principles (Includes Unit Operations) Fourth Edition

12.11. INTRODUCTION AND EQUIPMENT FOR CRYSTALLIZATION

12.11A. Crystallization and Types of Crystals

1. Introduction

Separation processes for gas–liquid and liquid–liquid systems have been treated in this and previous chapters. Also, the separation process of leaching was discussed for a solid–liquid system. Crystallization is another solid–liquid separation process, in which mass transfer of a solute from the liquid solution to a pure solid crystalline phase occurs. An important example is in the production of sucrose from sugar beet, where the sucrose is crystallized out from an aqueous solution.

Crystallization is a process where solid particles are formed from a homogeneous phase. This process can occur in the freezing of water to form ice, ...