Operational amplifiers
The original operational amplifiers were built from discrete components but, since the development of integration, all operational amplifiers (or, to give them their more usual name, op amps) are in the form of integrated circuits. There are dozens of different types, some for general use, others intended for specific purposes. One of the most popular general purpose op amps is the ‘741’, featured above. All operate according to the same principles.
Op amps are not the only type of integrated amplifier obtainable. There is a whole range of IC amplifiers manufactured for special purposes, including audio amplifiers (mono and stereo, pre-amplifiers and power amplifiers), VHF amplifiers, UHF amplifiers, video amplifiers, and ...
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