book

Unity Game Development Cookbook

by Paris Buttfield-Addison, Jon Manning, Tim Nugent

March 2019

Beginner

405 pages

8h 32m

English

O'Reilly Media, Inc.

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Preface
Resources Used in This BookAudience and ApproachOrganization of This BookConventions Used in This BookUsing Code ExamplesO’Reilly Online Learning PlatformHow to Contact UsAcknowledgments
1. Working with Unity
1.1. Getting Around in Unity1.2. Working with Game Objects1.3. Working with Components1.4. Working with Prefabs1.5. Working with Scenes1.6. Managing Assets1.7. Building Unity Projects1.8. Accessing Preferences
2. Scripting
2.1. Working with MonoBehaviours2.2. Using Callbacks2.3. Creating Frame Rate–Independent Behavior2.4. Accessing Components2.5. Finding Objects2.6. Using Coroutines2.7. Singletons2.8. Loading a Level (Scene)2.9. Storing Data on Disk2.10. Saving and Loading the Game State2.11. Managing Objects Using an Object Pool2.12. Storing Data in Assets Using ScriptableObject
3. Input
3.1. Working with Keyboard Input3.2. Working with Mouse Input3.3. Locking and Hiding the Mouse Cursor3.4. Working with Gamepads3.5. Customizing Unity’s Input System3.6. Responding to Pointer Events from the Event System
4. Math
4.1. Storing Coordinates of Varying Dimensions Using Vectors4.2. Rotating in 3D Space4.3. Performing Transformations in 3D Space with Matrices4.4. Working with Angles4.5. Finding the Distance to a Target4.6. Finding the Angle to a Target
5. 2D Graphics
5.1. Importing Sprites5.2. Adding a Sprite to the Scene5.3. Creating a Sprite Animation5.4. Creating a Sprite with 2D Physics5.5. Customizing Sprite Collision Shapes5.6. Using a Composite Collider5.7. Using the Sprite Packer5.8. Applying Forces to 2D Objects5.9. Creating a Conveyor Belt5.10. Using a Custom Material for Sprites5.11. Managing Sprite Sorting5.12. Using Sorting Groups5.13. Creating a 2.5D Scene
6. 3D Graphics
6.1. Creating a Simple Material6.2. Controlling a Material’s Property Through a Script6.3. Creating an Unlit Material6.4. Setting Up a Material Using Textures6.5. Making a Material Use a Shader6.6. Setting Up a Bloom Effect Using Post-Processing6.7. Using High-Dynamic-Range Colors6.8. Setting Up a Project to Use a Scriptable Render Pipeline6.9. Creating a Shader Using the Shader Graph6.10. Creating a Glowing Effect Using the Shader Graph6.11. Exposing Properties from a Shader Graph6.12. Animating a Shader over Time6.13. Controlling the Speed of an Animated Shader6.14. Using a Subgraph to Reuse Graph Components6.15. Implementing a Dissolve Effect Using a Shader Graph6.16. Using Baked Lighting and Real-Time Lighting6.17. Using Baked Emission Sources6.18. Making Static Objects Cast Shadows on Dynamic Objects6.19. Using Light Probes to Influence Lighting6.20. Using Reflection Probes6.21. Faking a Dynamic Emissive Object6.22. Loading Textures from Disk6.23. Rendering to a Texture6.24. Saving Screenshots
7. Physics and Character Control
7.1. Understanding FixedUpdate7.2. Implementing Mouselook7.3. Controlling a 3D Character7.4. Interacting with Switches and Objects7.5. Picking Up and Putting Down Objects7.6. Detecting When an Object Is Touching Another Object7.7. Detecting When an Object Is in a Trigger Area7.8. Implementing Moving Platforms7.9. Implementing Platform Riding7.10. Responding to Being Pushed by Objects
8. Animation and Movement
8.1. Animating an Object8.2. Basic Character Movement8.3. Inverse Kinematics8.4. Masked Movement8.5. Blended Movement8.6. Navigation and Animating in Sync8.7. Cinematic Camera Tracking8.8. Automatically Switching Cameras8.9. Keeping Multiple Objects in View8.10. Dollying a Camera
9. Gameplay
9.1. Managing Quests9.2. Managing Hitpoints9.3. Creating a Top-Down Camera9.4. Dragging a Box to Select Objects9.5. Creating a Menu Structure9.6. Creating a Wheeled Vehicle9.7. Keeping a Car from Tipping Over9.8. Creating Speed Boosts9.9. Creating a Camera That Orbits Around Its Target9.10. Creating Orbiting Cameras That Won’t Clip Through Walls9.11. Detecting When the Player Has Completed a Lap

10. Behavior and AI
10.1. Defining a Path That AI Entities and the Player Can Follow10.2. Letting Entities in Your Game Follow a Path10.3. Enemies Detecting When They Can See the Player10.4. Finding a Good Distribution of Random Points (Poisson Disc)10.5. Enemies Detecting Where They Can Take Cover10.6. Building and Using a State Machine
11. Sound and Music
11.1. Playing Sounds11.2. Setting Up a Mixer11.3. Using Audio Effects11.4. Using Send and Receive Effects11.5. Ducking11.6. Using Multiple Audio Zones11.7. Playing Audio Through Code11.8. Using a Sound Manager
12. User Interface
12.1. Working with UI Controls12.2. Theming Controls12.3. Animating the UI12.4. Creating a List of Items12.5. Fading Out List Items12.6. Creating Onscreen Position Indicators12.7. Custom Editors12.8. Property Drawers12.9. Attribute Drawers12.10. Asset Processing12.11. Scripted Importers12.12. Wizards
Index

Content preview from Unity Game Development Cookbook

Chapter 10. Behavior and AI

The appearance of intelligent, decision-based behavior is a core facet of building an engaging . Video game artificial intelligence (AI) isn’t like the rest of the AI field. It’s mostly fakery, tricks, and illusions of complexity. You don’t need to be an AI or machine learning wizard to build complex, engaging behaviors into video games. In this chapter, we’ll explore solutions to some of the most common problems game developers encounter when giving entities behavior and AI.

Tip

You can use Unity to work with genuine AI and machine learning! It’s outside the scope of this book, and not needed to create most sophisticated behaviors, but learn more about it at Unity’s Machine Learning Agents project on GitHub and on the Unity Machine Learning site.

10.1 Defining a Path That AI Entities and the Player Can Follow

Problem

You want to allow entities in your game to find paths around a scene.

Solution

Navigation meshes are easiest to set up when your level is made of objects that you don’t expect to move during gameplay, such as the ground, walls, and other obstacles:

Select the objects that you don’t expect to move.
At the top right of the Inspector, click the drop-down arrow and choose Navigation Static (Figure 10-1).

With at least one object marked as Navigation ...

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