book

Unmanned Aircraft Systems Traffic Management

by Michael Scott Baum

August 2021

Intermediate to advanced

347 pages

14h 27m

English

CRC Press

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1.1 UTM Defined1.2 Why UTM1.3 Demand and Forecast1.4 History1.5 Research and Development1.5.1 NASA UAS Traffic Management Project1.5.1.1 NASA TCL Trials1.5.1.2 Test Sites1.5.2 Research Transition Team1.5.3 Relevant Follow-On Efforts1.5.4 UTM Pilot Program1.5.5 Other Important Research1.5.6 Private Industry1.6 Scope of Operations1.7 Basic Requirements
2.1 ConOps—General2.2 Participants2.2.1 UAS Operators2.2.2 UAS Service Suppliers2.2.3 Supplemental Data Service Providers2.2.4 Air Navigation Service Providers2.2.5 Civil Aviation Authorities2.2.6 Other Participants and Stakeholders2.3 Scope of Services2.3.1 General—Scope of Services2.3.2 Registration2.3.3 Discovery2.3.4 Flight Operation/Planning Management2.3.5 Strategic Deconfliction2.3.6 Conformance Monitoring2.3.7 Constraint Services2.3.8 Tactical Deconfliction2.3.9 UAS Remote Identification2.3.10 Conflict Advisory and Alert2.3.11 Contingency Management2.3.12 Simplified Phases of Flight and Operational States2.3.13 Additional Services2.4 Architecture2.4.1 General—Architecture2.4.2 Centralized vs. Federated Architecture2.4.3 Flight Information Management System2.4.4 System-Wide Information Management2.4.5 Discovery2.4.5.1 Discovery Methods2.4.5.2 Discovery and Synchronization Service2.4.5.3 InterUSS Platform2.4.6 Detect and Avoid2.4.7 Cybersecurity2.4.7.1 General2.4.7.2 International Aviation Trust Framework2.4.8 UAS Remote ID2.4.9 UTM Data Exchange
3.1 General—Standards-Making for UTM3.1.1 ANSI3.1.2 EUSCG3.2 Standards Development Organizations3.2.1 ASD-STAN3.2.2 ASTM International3.2.3 Cellular Industry3.2.3.13 GPP3.2.3.2 GSMA3.2.3.3 ACJA3.2.4 CTA3.2.5 EUROCAE3.2.6 ICAO3.2.7 IEEE3.2.8 IETF3.2.9 ISO3.2.10 ITU3.2.11 JARUS3.2.12 NATO3.2.13 RTCA3.2.14 SAE3.3 Standards-Supporting Organizations3.3.1 EASA3.3.2 FAA NextGen3.3.3 GUTMA3.3.4 NASA3.3.5 SESAR JU3.4 Further Standards Coordination
4.1 General—UTM Governance4.2 USS Qualification4.2.1 General—USS Qualification4.2.2 Who Assesses Conformity4.2.3 Bases of Conformity Assessment4.2.4 Demonstration of Conformity4.2.4.1 Checkout and Onboarding4.2.4.2 Third-Party Assessment4.2.4.3 Self-Testing4.2.5 Continuing Compliance and Safety Assurance4.2.6 Risk Assessment4.2.7 Specific Operations Risk Assessment4.3 UAS Flight Rules4.4 Airspace4.4.1 General—Airspace4.4.2 UTM Volumes4.4.3 Corridors4.4.4 Fair Access4.5 Spectrum4.6 State, Regional, and Local4.7 UTM Administration4.7.1 Intro—UTM Administration4.7.2 Industry Consortia4.7.3 Business Models and Competition4.7.4 Liability4.7.5 Insurance4.7.6 Data Rights and Privacy Management
5.1 General—Selected Initiatives and Implementations5.2 Low Altitude Authorization and Notification Capability5.2.1 General—LAANC5.2.2 LAANC Concept of Operations5.2.2.1 UAS Facility Maps5.2.2.2 LAANC UAS Service Suppliers5.2.3 LAANC Safety Challenges5.2.4 LAANC Safety Mitigations5.2.5 Lessons5.3 U-Space5.4 Selected Country-Specific Developments
6.1 General—The Future of UTM6.2 Technology Innovation6.2.1 Communications Infrastructure6.2.2 Advanced Automation and Autonomy6.2.3 Blockchain in UTM6.3 International Coordination6.4 Regulation6.5 Advanced Air Mobility/Urban Air Mobility6.6 Stratospheric Operations6.7 ATM-UTM Integration

Content preview from Unmanned Aircraft Systems Traffic Management

4UTM Governance

“Responsibilities under regulation may need to evolve to consider [an] increased level of automation, use of UTM service providers and novel business models.”

Jarrett Larrow

UTM Program Manager, FAA⁶¹⁹

4.1 General—UTM Governance

Governance profoundly⁶²⁰ affects the architecture,⁶²¹ code,⁶²² services,⁶²³ participant roles and responsibilities,⁶²⁴ security,⁶²⁵ interoperability, integration, business models,⁶²⁶ and fairness⁶²⁷ of UTM.

Federated UTM introduces new stakeholders and presents novel demands that cry out for thoughtful governance.⁶²⁸ Lorenzo Murzilli observed:

We have a system that is managed safely today. If you want to change something in there [for UTM], it is not easy because all rules are built to manage traditionally ...