Appendix

A.1 JAVA REFRESHER

According to current trends, Java is the most widely used language, supporting a variety of environments—standalone applications, web applications, mobile environments, etc. This section is meant as a refresher or act as a basic introduction guide to running Java. It is not meant to be an elaborate course on Java lest the book get diluted from its main focus. For a detailed overview on the language, the reader is advised to consult various tutorials available on the web.

Java was promoted by Sun Microsystems (now a part of Oracle) during the 1990s, first targeted towards embedded systems like VCRs and PDAs. Since the market did not evolve as expected, the focus got shifted to the web since the core principles of platform-independence ...

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