Energy and Carbon Intensities of Stored Wind Energy
Charles J. Barnhart, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA, United States Email: charles.barnhart@wwu.edu
Abstract
This chapter shows how storage affects the energy performance and carbon intensity of wind generated electricity pair with electrical energy storage (EES) technologies. These results identify conditions under which it is more energetically favorable to store wind energy than it is to simply curtail electricity production. Electrochemically based storage technologies results in much lower (worse) energy return ratios than large-scale geologically based storage technologies like compressed air energy storage (CAES) and pumped hydroelectric storage (PHS). Due ...
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