Lenses
The lens determines the quality of the images that are formed inside a camera. The lens and its quality determine what kind of image your camera can collect and to a great degree set the ultimate quality of picture you can hope to take.
You can take photographs without a lens—that's the principle behind pinhole photography. But nearly all cameras have lenses for one very good reason: A lens collects a lot of light. It captures more photons. That gives the camera more light to work with and makes exposures quicker. The lens also affects the view, what the camera sees. It even alters the aesthetics of the image you make.
Aperture
Literally speaking, an aperture is nothing more than a hole, and that's what it means for cameras. The aperture ...
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