Wireless Sensor Networks

Chapter 8

Location and Position Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks

Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam and Muhammad Naeem Ayyaz

Contents

8.1    Introduction

8.2    Background

8.2.1    Classification of Localization Algorithms

8.2.2    Characteristics of Localization Algorithms

8.3    Distance Estimation

8.3.1    Received Signal Strength Indicator

8.3.2    Time of Arrival

8.3.2.1      One-Way Time of Arrival

8.3.2.2      Two-Way Time of Arrival

8.3.3    Time Difference of Arrival

8.3.3.1      Multinode Time Difference of Arrival

8.3.3.2      Multisignal Time Difference of Arrival

8.3.4    Angle of Arrival

8.4    Single-Hop Localization Schemes

8.4.1    Active Badge

8.4.2    Active Office

8.4.3    Cricket System

8.4.4    Bulusu’s Algorithm

8.4.5    Approximate ...