Chapter 2

Fundamentals for Interpreting Economic Indicators

Before we examine key U.S. economic indicators, it will be helpful to review some fundamental concepts for interpreting economic indicators and some commonly applied techniques for adjusting and presenting economic indicator values. The chapter will also include some guidelines for tracking economic indicator announcements and preannouncement forecasts.

Economic Indicators Are Time Series

Economic indicators are repetitions of a similar measurement or counting process at regular time intervals. The intervals may be days, weeks, months, quarters, or even years. Thus, each reported value of an indicator not only provides information about the examined element at a particular time, but ...

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