Chapter Four

ADDING Value by Opening Up

THE LAST TWO chapters explained why the world isn't as globalized as many people think and analyzed how sensitive actual levels of cross-border integration are to the cultural, administrative, geographic, and economic differences between countries. This chapter explores the case for further integration given such headroom. It looks at how much we might gain by reducing the barriers between countries and further opening up.

Of course, thinking about gains from more openness only makes sense within the context of World 3.0. Believers in World 1.0 tend to either ignore cross-border interactions or focus on restricting/reversing them. And those still true to World 2.0 presumably see integration as having proceeded ...

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