book

Mac OS X Tiger for Unix Geeks, 3rd Edition

by Ernest E. Rothman, Brian Jepson

June 2005

Beginner to intermediate

415 pages

11h 27m

English

O'Reilly Media, Inc.

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Preface
Audience for This BookOrganization of This BookXcode ToolsWhere to Go for More InformationConventions Used in This BookComments and QuestionsSafari EnabledAcknowledgments from the Previous EditionsAcknowledgments from Brian JepsonAcknowledgments from Ernest E. Rothman
I. Getting Around
1. Inside the Terminal
1.1. Mac OS X Shells1.2. The Terminal and xterm Compared1.3. Using the Terminal1.3.1. Launching Terminals1.3.1.1. .term files1.3.1.2. .command files1.3.2. Split Screen Terminal Feature1.3.3. Contextual Menu1.4. Customizing the Terminal1.4.1. Customizing the Terminal on the Fly1.4.2. Working with File and Directory Names1.4.2.1. Tab completion1.4.3. Changing Your Shell1.5. The Services Menu1.6. Bonjour1.7. Alternative Terminal Applications1.8. The open Command
2. Searching and Metadata
2.1. Spotlight2.1.1. Performing Spotlight Searches2.1.2. Inspecting a File’s Attributes2.1.3. Managing Spotlight2.2. Resource Forks and HFS+ Metadata2.2.1. UFS2.2.2. Preserving Metadata
3. The Mac OS X Filesystem
3.1. Working with Foreign Filesystems3.2. Files and Directories3.2.1. The /etc Directory3.2.2. The /System/Library Directory3.2.3. The /Library Directory3.2.4. The /var Directory3.2.5. The /dev Directory
4. Startup
4.1. Booting Mac OS X4.1.1. The BootX Loader4.1.2. Initialization4.1.3. The /etc/rc Script4.1.4. Mach Bootstrap Services4.1.5. launchd4.1.6. SystemStarter4.1.7. The Login Window4.2. Adding Startup Items4.2.1. Login Preferences4.2.2. Startup Items4.2.2.1. The startup script4.2.2.2. The property list4.3. Scheduling Tasks4.3.1. Periodic Jobs
5. Directory Services
5.1. Understanding Directory Services5.2. Programming with Directory Services5.2.1. Working with Passwords5.3. Configuring Directory Services5.4. NetInfo Manager5.5. Directory Services Utilities5.6. Managing Groups5.6.1. Creating a Group with niload5.6.2. Creating a Group with dscl5.6.3. Adding Users to a Group5.6.4. Listing Groups with nidump5.6.5. Deleting a Group5.7. Managing Users and Passwords5.7.1. Creating a User with niload5.7.2. Creating a User with dscl5.7.3. Creating a User’s Home Directory5.7.4. Granting Administrative Privileges5.7.5. Modifying a User5.7.6. Listing Users with nidump5.7.7. Deleting a User5.8. Managing Hostnames and IP Addresses5.8.1. Creating a Host with niload5.9. Exporting Directories with NFS5.10. Flat Files and Their Directory Services Counterparts5.11. Restoring the Directory Services Database
6. Printing
6.1. Printer Setup Utility6.1.1. Adding an IP Printer6.1.2. Modifying a Printer’s Settings6.1.3. Creating a Desktop Icon for a Printer6.1.4. Printer Sharing6.2. Common Unix Printing System (CUPS)6.2.1. Printing from Remote Systems6.2.1.1. GNOME6.2.1.2. KDE6.2.1.3. Manual printer configuration (Linux and Unix)6.2.1.4. Printing from Linux6.3. Gimp-Print6.3.1. HP InkJet Server (HPIJS) Project
7. The X Window System
7.1. Installing X117.2. Running X117.3. Customizing X117.3.1. Dot-files, Desktops, and Window Managers7.3.2. X11 Preferences, Application Menu, and Dock Menu7.3.2.1. Input7.3.2.2. Output7.3.2.3. Customizing X11’s Applications menu7.4. X11-based Applications and Libraries7.4.1. Aqua-X11 Interactions7.4.2. TKAqua7.5. Connecting to Other X Window Systems7.5.1. OSX2X7.6. Virtual Network Computing7.6.1. Launching VNC7.6.1.1. VNC and SSH7.6.2. Connecting to the Mac OS X VNC Server
8. Multimedia
8.1. Burning CDs8.2. Video8.2.1. Open Source Video Players8.3. Image Editing8.4. 3D Modeling

9. Third-Party Tools and Applications
9.1. Virtual Desktops and Screens9.2. The Application Menu9.3. Exposé9.4. Virtual Desktops9.4.1. VirtualDesktop9.4.2. Virtual Screens9.5. SSH GUIs9.5.1. LaTeX9.5.2. Installing TeX Live-teTeX9.5.3. TeXShop9.5.4. iTeXMac9.5.5. LaTeX Services9.6. R with an Aqua GUI9.7. NeoOffice/J and OpenOffice
10. Dual-Boot and Beyond
10.1. Why Bother?10.2. Linux on Mac Hardware10.2.1. Picking a Linux Distribution10.2.2. Compatibility Details10.2.3. Partitioning for Linux10.2.4. Booting into Linux10.2.5. Mac-on-Linux10.3. Emulators on Mac OS X10.3.1. Virtual PC10.3.1.1. Linux doesn’t find the network adapter10.3.1.2. Linux can’t configure TCP/IP10.3.1.3. Launching X11 displays garbage on the screen10.3.2. QEMU10.3.2.1. Installing an operating system10.3.2.2. Suspending and resuming10.3.2.3. Networking10.4. Emulating the Mac10.4.1. PearPC
II. Building Applications
11. Compiling Source Code
11.1. Compiler Differences11.2. Compiling Unix Source Code11.2.1. The First Line of Defense11.2.2. Host Type11.2.2.1. Macros11.2.3. Supported Languages11.2.4. Preprocessing11.2.5. Frameworks11.2.5.1. Framework structure11.2.5.2. Including a framework in your application11.2.6. Compiler Flags11.3. Architectural Issues11.3.1. AltiVec11.3.2. 64-bit Computing11.3.3. Endian-ness11.3.4. Inline Assembly11.4. X11-based Applications and Libraries11.4.1. Building X11-based Applications and Libraries11.4.2. AquaTerm11.5. Xgrid
12. Libraries, Headers, and Frameworks
12.1. Header Files12.1.1. Precompiled Header Files12.1.2. malloc.h12.1.3. poll.h12.1.4. wchar.h and iconv.h12.1.5. dlfcn.h12.1.6. alloc.h12.1.7. lcyrpt.h12.1.8. values.h12.2. The System Library: libSystem12.3. libstdc++12.4. Shared Libraries Versus Loadable Modules12.4.1. Building a Shared Library12.4.2. Dynamically Loading Libraries12.4.3. Two-Level Namespaces12.5. Library Versions12.6. Creating and Linking Static Libraries12.7. Creating Frameworks12.8. The Dynamic Linker dyld: Prebinding, the Pre-Tiger Way12.8.1. Launching an Application Built Without Prebinding12.8.2. Tiger’s dyld Renders Prebinding Unnecessary12.8.3. Some New Features of dyld12.9. Performance Tools and Debugging Tools12.10. CHUD Tools12.11. Interesting and Important Libraries12.12. Numerical Libraries
III. Working with Packages
13. Fink
13.1. Installing Fink13.1.1. Installing Fink from a Disk Image13.1.2. Installing Fink from Source13.1.3. Installing Fink from CVS13.1.4. Post-Installation Setup13.2. Using Fink13.3. FinkCommander13.4. Installing Binaries
14. DarwinPorts
14.1. Installing DarwinPorts14.1.1. Installing DarwinPorts from CVS14.2. Using DarwinPorts14.2.1. Creating and Installing Packages in pkg Format14.2.2. Creating and Installing Packages in RPM Format14.3. DarwinPorts Maintenance14.4. Installing Binaries14.5. DPGUI
15. Creating and Installing Packages
15.1. Using PackageMaker15.1.1. Setting up the Directory15.1.2. Creating the Package15.2. Using GNU tar15.3. Disk Images15.3.1. Creating a Disk Image with Disk Utility15.3.2. Creating a Disk Image from the Command Line15.3.3. Distributing Your Image15.3.3.1. Internet-enabled disk images15.4. Creating Fink Packages15.4.1. Creating and Publishing the Tarball15.4.2. Creating the .info File15.4.3. Installing the Package15.5. Creating DarwinPorts Packages15.5.1. Creating and Publishing the Tarball15.5.2. Creating the Portfile File15.5.3. Building and Installing a Port
IV. Serving and System Management
16. Using Mac OS X as a Server
16.1. Getting Connected16.1.1. Dynamic DNS16.1.2. Serving from Behind a Firewall16.1.2.1. Port mapping with an AirPort Base Station16.2. Built-in Services: The Sharing Panel16.2.1. Personal File Sharing16.2.2. Windows File Sharing16.2.3. Personal Web Sharing16.2.3.1. dav_module (mod_dav)16.2.3.2. perl_module (mod_perl)16.2.3.3. ssl_module (mod_ssl)16.2.3.4. php4_module (mod_php4)16.2.3.5. hfs_apple_module (mod_hfs_apple)16.2.3.6. bonjour_module (mod_bonjour)16.2.4. Remote Login16.2.5. FTP Access16.2.6. Printer Sharing16.3. Email16.3.1. Configuring Postfix to Send Email16.3.2. Configuring Postfix to Receive Email16.4. The Mac OS X Firewall16.4.1. Internet Sharing16.4.1.1. ifconfig16.4.1.2. ipfw/natd16.4.1.3. bootpd16.4.1.4. named16.4.2. The Mac OS X Firewall16.4.2.1. Enable Firewall Logging16.4.2.2. Block UDP Traffic16.4.2.3. Enable Stealth Mode16.4.3. Add Your Own Rules
17. System Management Tools
17.1. Diagnostic Utilities17.1.1. top17.1.2. fs_usage17.1.3. latency17.1.4. sc_usage17.1.5. vm_stat17.2. Kernel Utilities17.2.1. ddb17.2.2. ktrace17.2.3. Kernel Module Utilities17.2.4. sysctl17.3. System Configuration17.3.1. scutil17.3.2. defaults17.3.3. nvram17.4. Third-Party Applications
18. Free Databases
18.1. SQLite18.1.1. Where to Find SQLite18.1.2. Using SQLite18.2. MySQL18.2.1. Compiling MySQL18.2.2. Installing MySQL18.2.3. Configuring MySQL18.2.4. Using MySQL18.3. PostgreSQL18.3.1. Compiling PostgreSQL18.3.2. Installing PostgreSQL18.3.3. Adding the Startup Item18.3.4. Configuring PostgreSQL18.3.5. Using PostgreSQL18.4. PHP and Perl
19. Perl and Python
19.1. Perl for Mac OS X Geeks19.1.1. Mac::Carbon19.1.2. PerlObjCBridge.pm19.1.3. Mac::Glue19.2. Python for Mac OS X Geeks19.2.1. Carbon19.2.2. Apple Events19.2.3. PyObjC
V. Appendixes
A. Mac OS X GUI Primer
B. Mac OS X’s Unix Development Tools
B.1. Standard Unix Development ToolsB.2. Apple’s Command-Line Developer ToolsB.3. Macintosh ToolsB.4. Java Development ToolsB.5. Text Editing and ProcessingB.6. Scripting and Shell ProgrammingB.7. Working with Files and DirectoriesB.8. File Compression and StorageB.9. Searching and SortingB.10. Miscellaneous Tools
About the Authors
Index
About the Authors
Colophon
Copyright

Overview

If you're one of the many Unix developers drawn to Mac OS X for its Unix core, you'll find yourself in surprisingly unfamiliar territory. Unix and Mac OS X are kissing cousins, but there are enough pitfalls and minefields in going from one to another that even a Unix guru can stumble, and most guides to Mac OS X are written for Mac aficionados. For a Unix developer, approaching Tiger from the Mac side is a bit like learning Russian by reading the Russian side of a Russian-English dictionary. Fortunately, O'Reilly has been the Unix authority for over 25 years, and in Mac OS X Tiger for Unix Geeks, that depth of understanding shows.This is the book for Mac command-line fans. Completely revised and updated to cover Mac OS X Tiger, this new edition helps you quickly and painlessly get acclimated with Tiger's familiar-yet foreign-Unix environment. Topics include:

Using the Terminal and understanding how it differs from an xterm
Using Directory Services, Open Directory (LDAP), and NetInfo
Compiling code with GCC 3
Library linking and porting Unix software
Creating and installing packages with Fink
Using DarwinPorts
Search through metadata with Spotlight's command-line utilities
Building the Darwin kernel
Running X Windows on top of Mac OS X, or better yet, run Mac OS X on a Windows machine with PearPC!

Mac OS X Tiger for Unix Geeks is the ideal survival guide for taming the Unix side of Tiger. If you're a Unix geek with an interest in Mac OS X, you'll find this clear, concise book invaluable.

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