book

Open Sources

by Chris DiBona, Sam Ockman

January 1999

Intermediate to advanced

280 pages

8h 52m

English

O'Reilly Media, Inc.

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1.1. Prologue1.2. What Is Free Software and How Does It Relate to Open Source?1.3. What Is Open Source Software?1.4. The Dark Side of the Force1.5. Use the Source, Luke1.6. Innovation Through the Scientific Method1.7. Perils to Open Source1.8. Motivating the Open Source Hacker1.9. The Venture and Investment Future of Linux1.10. Science and the New Renaissance
2.1. Prologue: The Real Programmers2.2. The Early Hackers2.3. The Rise of Unix2.4. The End of Elder Days2.5. The Proprietary Unix Era2.6. The Early Free Unixes2.7. The Great Web Explosion
3.1. Early History 3.2. Early Distributions 3.3. VAX Unix 3.4. DARPA Support3.5. 4.2BSD3.6. 4.3BSD3.7. Networking, Release 13.8. 4.3BSD-Reno3.9. Networking, Release 23.10. The Lawsuit 3.11. 4.4BSD3.12. 4.4BSD-Lite, Release 2
4.1. The History of the IETF4.2. IETF Structure and Features4.3. IETF Working Groups4.4. IETF Documents4.5. The IETF Process4.6. Open Standards, Open Documents, and Open Source
5.1. The First Software-Sharing Community5.2. The Collapse of the Community 5.3. A Stark Moral Choice 5.4. Free as in Freedom 5.5. GNU Software and the GNU System5.6. Commencing the Project 5.7. The First Steps 5.8. GNU Emacs 5.9. Is a Program Free for Every User? 5.10. Copyleft and the GNU GPL 5.11. The Free Software Foundation 5.12. Free Software Support 5.13. Technical Goals 5.14. Donated Computers 5.15. The GNU Task List 5.16. The GNU Library GPL 5.17. Scratching an Itch? 5.18. Unexpected Developments 5.19. The GNU HURD 5.20. Alix 5.21. Linux and GNU/Linux 5.22. Challenges in Our Future 5.22.1. Secret Hardware 5.22.2. Non-Free Libraries 5.22.3. Software Patents 5.22.4. Free Documentation 5.22.5. We Must Talk About Freedom 5.23. “Open Source” 5.24. Try!
6.1. Cygnus in the Early Years 6.2. GNUPro 6.3. Challenges 6.4. Getting Funded Beyond Open Source—eCos 6.5. Reflections and Vision of the Future
7.1. The Software Engineering Process7.1.1. Marketing Requirements7.1.2. System-Level Design7.1.3. Detailed Design7.1.4. Implementation7.1.5. Integration7.1.6. Field Testing7.1.7. Support7.2. Testing Details7.2.1. Code Coverage Analysis7.2.2. Regression Tests7.3. Open Source Software Engineering7.3.1. Marketing Requirements7.3.2. System-Level Design7.3.3. Detailed Design7.3.4. Implementation7.3.5. Integration7.3.6. Field Testing7.3.7. Support7.4. Conclusions
8.1. Amiga and the Motorola Port8.2. Microkernels8.3. From Alpha to Portability8.4. Kernel Space and User Space8.5. GCC8.6. Kernel Modules8.7. Portability Today8.8. The Future of Linux
9.1. Where Did Red Hat Come From?9.2. How Do You Make Money in Free Software?9.3. We Are in the Commodity Product Business9.4. The Strategic Appeal of This Model to the Corporate Computing Industry9.5. Licensing, Open Source, or Free Software9.6. The Economic Engine Behind Development of Open Source Software9.7. Unique Benefits9.8. The Great Unix Flaw9.9. It’s Your Choice

11.1. It’s All About Platforms 11.2. Analyzing Your Goals for an Open-Source Project 11.3. Evaluating the Market Need for Your Project11.4. Open Source’s Position in the Spectrum of Software11.5. Nature Abhors a Vacuum11.6. Donate, or Go It Alone? 11.7. Bootstrapping 11.8. What License to Use? 11.8.1. The BSD-Style Copyright 11.8.2. The Mozilla Public License11.8.3. The GNU Public License 11.9. Tools for Launching Open Source Projects
12.1. History12.2. KDE, Qt, and Troll Tech12.3. Analysis of the Open Source Definition12.3.1. The Open Source Definition (Version 1.0)12.4. Analysis of Licenses and Their Open Source Compliance12.4.1. Public Domain12.4.2. Free Software Licenses in General12.4.3. The GNU General Public License12.4.4. The GNU Library General Public License12.4.5. The X, BSD, and Apache Licenses12.4.6. The Artistic License12.4.7. The Netscape Public License and the Mozilla Public License12.5. Choosing a License12.6. The Future
14.1. Making It Happen14.2. Creating the License14.3. Mozilla.org14.4. Behind the Curtain14.5. April Fool’s Day, 1998
15.1. Beyond Brooks’s Law 15.2. Memes and Mythmaking15.3. The Road to Mountain View 15.4. The Origins of “Open Source” 15.5. The Accidental Revolutionary15.6. Phases of the Campaign 15.7. The Facts on the Ground 15.8. Into the Future
B.1. GNU General Public LicenseB.1.1. Table of ContentsB.1.2. GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSEB.1.2.1. PreambleB.1.2.2. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATIONB.1.2.3. How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs

Overview

Freely available source code, with contributions from thousands of programmers around the world: this is the spirit of the software revolution known as Open Source. Open Source has grabbed the computer industry's attention. Netscape has opened the source code to Mozilla; IBM supports Apache; major database vendors haved ported their products to Linux. As enterprises realize the power of the open-source development model, Open Source is becoming a viable mainstream alternative to commercial software.Now in Open Sources, leaders of Open Source come together for the first time to discuss the new vision of the software industry they have created. The essays in this volume offer insight into how the Open Source movement works, why it succeeds, and where it is going.For programmers who have labored on open-source projects, Open Sources is the new gospel: a powerful vision from the movement's spiritual leaders. For businesses integrating open-source software into their enterprise, Open Sources reveals the mysteries of how open development builds better software, and how businesses can leverage freely available software for a competitive business advantage.The contributors here have been the leaders in the open-source arena:

Brian Behlendorf (Apache)
Kirk McKusick (Berkeley Unix)
Tim O'Reilly (Publisher, O'Reilly & Associates)
Bruce Perens (Debian Project, Open Source Initiative)
Tom Paquin and Jim Hamerly (mozilla.org, Netscape)
Eric Raymond (Open Source Initiative)
Richard Stallman (GNU, Free Software Foundation, Emacs)
Michael Tiemann (Cygnus Solutions)
Linus Torvalds (Linux)
Paul Vixie (Bind)
Larry Wall (Perl)

This book explains why the majority of the Internet's servers use open- source technologies for everything from the operating system to Web serving and email. Key technology products developed with open-source software have overtaken and surpassed the commercial efforts of billion dollar companies like Microsoft and IBM to dominate software markets. Learn the inside story of what led Netscape to decide to release its source code using the open-source mode. Learn how Cygnus Solutions builds the world's best compilers by sharing the source code. Learn why venture capitalists are eagerly watching Red Hat Software, a company that gives its key product -- Linux -- away.For the first time in print, this book presents the story of the open- source phenomenon told by the people who created this movement.Open Sources will bring you into the world of free software and show you the revolution.