Station and Network OperationsTypes of StudiosStudio LightingStudio Control RoomsSystem ConsiderationsStudio SystemVideo Switchers and Effects UnitsPicture and Waveform MonitoringTelevision CamerasFilm in TelevisionVideotape RecordersAnalog VTRsDigital VTRsHD Digital VTRsOptical, Solid-State, and Hard Disk RecordersVideo EditingSMPTE TimecodeVideo ServersNonlinear EditingCharacter Generators and Computer GraphicsElectronic NewsroomSignal DistributionVideo TimingAudio for TelevisionAncillary SystemsIngest and ConversionTelevision Master ControlTelevision AutomationATSC EncodingMulticasting OperationsClosed Captioning EquipmentPSIP GeneratorData Broadcasting EquipmentBitstream Distribution and SplicingInternet Streaming