November 2018
Intermediate to advanced
512 pages
15h 47m
English
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Appendix CEffective Aperture of a Receiving Antenna
Consider a perfect parabolic dish antenna with a geometrical area, A, that is receiving a radio signal with a power density, S (W m−2), and it converts this without loss to an output power P (W). Then, we can write:
(A3.1)
The incoming signal will have a spectrum, Sf, so considering a narrow frequency range between f and f + Δf:
where Pf is the output power at f.
Conversely, if an antenna is receiving a signal with power density, Sf, and converts it into an output power, Pf, it can be said to have an effective area, Ae, given by:
A directional antenna produces a redistribution of emitted power to concentrate the emission in one direction but in order to conserve energy the total power radiated must remain the same as a hypothetical isotropic antenna with the same efficiency. The gain, G(θ, ϕ), is defined by the power emitted along direction (θ, ϕ) relative to an isotropic antenna and for an antenna with an efficiency equal to 1:
(A3.4)
and this is true for all antennas with an efficiency of 1. In the same way, for a given ...
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