1Electromagnetic Wave Theory and Measurement of Light

1.1 Electromagnetic Wave Theory of Light

To introduce the basic concepts on the coherence property of light, we begin with the Maxwell equations—the foundation of the classical electromagnetic (EM) wave theory of light. The set of four Maxwell equations forms the basis of the theory for classical electromagnetic phenomena and electromagnetic wave phenomena. In free space, the Maxwell equations have the form

where

E and H are the electric and magnetic field vectors

D and B are the electric ...

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