Analyzing and Interpreting Continuous Data Using JMP®: A Step-by-Step Guide

Chapter 2. Overview of Statistical Concepts and Ideas

• 2.1 Why Statistics? 24

• 2.2 Measurement Scales, Modeling Types, and Roles 28

  • 2.2.1a Nominal Scale 29

  • 2.2.1b Ordinal Scale 29

  • 2.2.1c Interval Scale 29

  • 2.2.1d Ratio Scale 29

  • 2.2.2 Which Scale? 30

  • 2.2.3 Responses and Factors 31

• 2.3 Statistical Inference: From a Sample to a Population 34

  • 2.3.1 Random Sampling 38

  • 2.3.2 Randomization 42

• 2.4 Descriptive Statistics and Graphical Displays 44

• 2.5 Quantifying Uncertainty: Common Probability Distributions 55

  • 2.5.1 Normal Distribution 59

• 2.6 Useful Statistical Intervals 65

  • 2.6.1 Confidence Interval for the Mean 67

  • 2.6.2 Prediction Interval for One Future Observation 67

  • 2.6.3 Tolerance Interval to Contain a Given Proportion p of the Sampled Population 68

  • 2.6.4 What Does Confidence ...