XIX
Conventions
A dierent font exists to clearly call out commands that one may
enter into an environment, such as an Ubuntu operating system, to
analyze code. Terminal examples assume that the user has navigated
to the local directory before attempting to run the command. is
makes it much simpler to provide direction in the book, essentially
listing only the local lename instead of a longer path. is requires
the reader to know the basics of opening a terminal window and
performing commands such as “ls” for listing les, “cd” for chang-
ing directory, and similar commands for navigation and execution of
code. Items in italics in a command line are variable, such as a le-
name that varies based upon the le being analyzed. Italics may also ...