Applications of Nanofluid for Heat Transfer Enhancement

7.3. Magnetic nanofluid forced convective heat transfer in the existence of variable magnetic field using two-phase model

7.3.1. Problem definition

The schematic diagram and the mesh of the semiannulus enclosure used in the present CVFEM program are shown in Fig. 7.16 [7]. The inner wall is maintained at constant temperatures T_h and the other walls are maintained at constant temperature T_c (T_h > T_c). The boundary conditions for concentration are similar to those of temperature. For the expression of the magnetic field strength, it can be considered that the magnetic source represents a magnetic wire placed vertically to the x–y plane at the point $\left(\overline{a},\overline{b}\right)$. The components of the magnetic field intensity $\left(\overline{H_x},\overline{H_y}\right)$ and the magnetic field strength $(\overline{H}$