9.1 Introduction9.2 Properties of Fluids9.2.1 Density9.2.2 Viscosity9.2.3 Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids9.2.4 Surface Tension9.2.5 Capillarity9.2.6 Pressure Variation with Depth9.3 Bernoulli’s Equation9.4 Types of Flow9.5 Introduction to Hydraulic Machines9.6 Hydraulic Turbines9.6.1 Classification of Hydraulic Turbines9.7 Terminology Used in Turbine9.8 Pelton Turbine9.8.1 Main Components of Pelton Turbine9.8.2 Selection of Speed of Pelton Turbine9.8.3 Velocity Triangle for Pelton Turbine9.9 Francis Turbine9.9.1 Main Components of Francis Turbine9.9.2 Different Shapes of Draft Tubes9.10 Kaplan Turbine9.10.1 Velocity Triangle for Kaplan Turbine9.11 Governing of Turbines9.12 Pumps9.13 Centrifugal Pump9.13.1 Main Components of Centrifugal Pump9.13.2 Velocity Triangle for Centrifugal Pump9.13.3 Various Heads and Efficiencies of Centrifugal Pumps9.13.4 Some Important Points Related to Centrifugal Pump9.14 Reciprocating Pump9.14.1 Air Vessels9.15 Gear Pump9.16 Vane Pump9.17 Lobe Pump9.18 Screw Pump9.18.1 Two-screw, Low-pitch, Screw Pump9.18.2 Three-screw, High-pitch, Screw Pump9.19 Hydraulic Coupling9.20 Hydraulic Torque ConverterSummaryMultiple Choice QuestionsReview QuestionsProblems for Practice