From Imperative to FunctionalIntroduce Higher-Order FunctionsConvert Existing Methods into Pure FunctionsConvert Loops to Tail/Recursive-Tail MethodsConvert Mutable Variables into Immutable VariablesWhat Next?New Design PatternsMessage Passing for ConcurrencyThe Option Pattern (Extension of Null Object Pattern)Object to Singleton Method PurityPutting It All TogetherConclusion