Chapter 4 Natural Language Processing4.1 Natural Language Processing (NLP)4.2 NLP Capability Maturity Model4.3 Introduction to Natural Language Processing4.4 NLP Techniques—Topic Modeling4.5 NLP—Names Entity Recognition (NER)4.6 NLP—Part of Speech (POS) Tagging4.7 NLP—Probabilistic Context-Free Grammars (PCFG)4.8 NLP Learning Method4.9 Word Embedding and Neural Networks4.10 Semantic Modeling Using Graph Analysis Technique4.11 Putting It All TogetherChapter 5 Quantitative Analysis—Prediction and Prognostics5.1 Probabilities and Odds Ratio5.2 Additive Interaction of Predictive Variables5.3 Prognostics and Prediction5.4 Framework for Prognostics, Prediction and Accuracy5.5 Significance of Predictive Analytics5.6 Prognostics in Literature5.7 Control Theoretic Approach to Prognostics5.8 Artificial Neural NetworksChapter 6 Advanced Analytics and Predictive Modeling6.1 History of Predictive Methods and Prognostics6.2 Model Viability and Validation Methods6.3 Classification Methods6.4 Traditional Analysis Methods vs. Advanced Analytics Methods6.5 Traditional Analysis Overview: Quantitative Methods6.6 Regression Analysis Overview6.7 Cox Hazard Model6.8 Correlation Analysis6.9 Non-linear Correlation6.10 Kaplan-Meier Estimate of Survival Function6.11 Handling Dirty, Noisy and Missing Data6.12 Data Cleansing Techniques6.13 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and MANOVA6.14 Advanced Analytics Methods At-a-Glance6.15 LASSO, L1 and L2 Norm Methods6.16 Kalman Filtering6.17 Trajectory Tracking6.18 N-point Correlation6.19 Bi-partite Matching6.20 Mean Shift and K-means Algorithm6.21 Gaussian Graphical Model6.22 Parametric vs. Non-parametric Methods6.23 Non-parametric Bayesian Classifier6.24 Machine Learning6.25 Geo-spatial Analysis6.26 Logistic Regression or Logit6.27 Predictive Modeling Approaches6.28 Alternate Conditional Expectation (ACE)6.29 Clustering vs. Classification6.30 K-means Clustering Method6.31 Classification Using Neural Networks6.32 Principal Component Analysis6.33 Stratification Method6.34 Propensity Score Matching Approach6.35 Adherence Analysis Method6.36 Meta-analysis Methods6.37 Stochastic Models—Markov Chain Analysis6.38 Handling Noisy Data—Kalman Filters6.39 Tree-based Analysis6.40 Random Forest Techniques6.41 Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA) Method6.42 Outlier Detection by Robust Estimation Method6.43 Feature Selection Techniques6.44 Bridging Studies6.45 Signal Boosting and Bagging Methods6.46 Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) Method6.47 Q-Q Plots6.48 Reduction in Variance (RIV) —Intergroup Variation6.49 Coefficient of Variation (CV)—Intra Group VariationChapter 7 Ensemble of Models: Data Analytics Prediction Framework7.1 Ensemble of Models7.2 Artificial Neural Network Models7.3 Analytic Model Comparison and EvaluationChapter 8 Machine Learning, Deep Learning—Artificial Neural Networks8.1 Introduction to ANNs8.2 A Simple Example8.3 A Simplified Mathematical Example8.4 Activation Functions8.5 Why Artificial Neural Network Algorithms8.6 Deep Learning8.7 Mathematical Foundations of Artificial Neural Networks8.8 Gradient Descent Methods8.9 Neural Network Learning Processes8.10 Selected Analytics Models8.11 Probabilistic Neural Networks8.12 Support Vector Machine (SVM) Networks8.13 General Feed-forward Neural Network8.14 MLP with Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) AlgorithmChapter 9 Model Accuracy and Optimization9.1 Accuracy Measures9.2 Accuracy and Validation9.3 Vote-based Schema9.4 Accuracy-based Ensemble Schema9.5 Diversity-based Schema9.6 Optimization-based Schema