October 2012
Intermediate to advanced
524 pages
17h 16m
English
book
Chemical Biology: Approaches to Drug Discovery and Development to Targeting Disease
by Natanya Civjan
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Chapter 9: Pharmacokinetic Considerations: Methods and Systems of Controlled Drug Delivery
Controlled drug delivery applies interdisciplinary approaches to engineer systems that improve the therapeutic value of drugs. This review addresses the biological basis of drug delivery, the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic considerations important to the design of controlled release delivery systems, and the methods to fabricate them. The focus of this review will principally be on oral and transdermal applications. Systems at various stages of development for the delivery of more complex molecules, such as proteins, oligonucleotides, genes, and sRNA's will also be discussed.
The frequency of drug dosing is usually determined by the drug's duration in the body. For drugs that are inherently long lasting, once daily oral dosing is sufficient to sustain adequate drug blood levels and the desired therapeutic effect. Formulation of these drugs as conventional, immediate-release dosage forms is used for the patient. However, many drugs are not inherently long lasting and require multiple doses each day to achieve the desired therapeutic results. Multiple daily dosing often is inconvenient for the patient and can result in missed doses, made-up doses, and patient noncompliance with the therapeutic regimen. In addition, sequential therapeutic blood level peaks and valleys (troughs) are ...
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O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.