book

Cloud Application Architecture Patterns

by Kyle Brown, Bobby Woolf, Joseph Yoder

April 2025

Intermediate to advanced

650 pages

20h 7m

English

O'Reilly Media, Inc.

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List of Supporting Patterns
Why We Wrote This BookWho Should Read This BookWhat You Will LearnWhat This Book CoversWhat This Book Does Not CoverHow This Book Is StructuredO’Reilly Online LearningHow to Contact UsAcknowledgments
Phases of Cloud AdoptionModern Application DevelopmentAspects of Software DevelopmentEvolution of Application ArchitectureMainframe ApplicationDesktop ApplicationClient/Server ApplicationCloud-Native ApplicationPatterns and Pattern FormatOrganization of This BookRelationship of Root Patterns and ChaptersGetting Started
Introduction to Cloud ApplicationsCloud Computing DefinedCloud Computing PracticesCloud ApplicationConclusion: Wrapping Up Cloud Applications
Introduction to Application ArchitectureSoftware ArchitectureArchitectural Trade-OffsComponent TerminologyArchitectural PatternsBig Ball of MudModular MonolithDistributed ArchitectureConclusion: Wrapping Up Application Architecture
Introduction to Cloud-Native ApplicationCloud ComputingCloud NativeCloud-Native MaturityThe Twelve-Factor AppDesigning Applications for the CloudCloud-Native ArchitectureApplication PackageService APIStateless ApplicationReplicable ApplicationExternal ConfigurationBackend ServiceConclusion: Wrapping Up Cloud-Native Application
Introduction to Microservices ArchitectureMicroservicesMicroservices Architecture Versus Monolithic ArchitectureMicroservices and Cloud-Native ArchitectureArchitecting Microservices ApplicationsMicroserviceDomain MicroserviceAdapter MicroserviceDispatcherPolyglot DevelopmentSelf-Managed Data StoresService OrchestratorConclusion: Wrapping up Microservices Architecture
Introduction to Microservice DesignGuiding IDEALS for Designing MicroservicesDomain Modeling Techniques for Designing MicroservicesWhat’s the Right Size for a Microservice?Lower BoundUpper BoundFinding the Right Level of AbstractionModel Around the DomainUbiquitous LanguageEvent StormingDomain EventBounded ContextApplication ServicesContext MapAggregateRepositoriesDomain ServiceAnti-Corruption LayerConclusion: Wrapping Up Microservice Design
Introduction to Event-Driven ArchitectureA Motivating ExampleFrom Service Orchestration to Event-Driven ArchitecturePseudosynchronous and Asynchronous Service InvocationDecoupling Listeners from EmittersEvent-Driven Architecture and Cloud-Native ArchitectureDeveloping Event-Driven ArchitectureEvent ChoreographyEventReactive ComponentEvent NotifierEvent APIEvent BackboneEvent SourcingConclusion: Wrapping Up Event-Driven Architecture

Introduction to Cloud-Native StorageStoring Data for Cloud-Native ApplicationsArchitecting Applications with Cloud-Native StorageDatabase Topology and Database SelectionCloud DatabaseReplicated DatabaseConfiguration DatabaseApplication DatabaseRelational DatabaseDocument DatabaseKey-Value DatabaseGraph DatabaseColumnar DatabaseData ModulePolyglot PersistenceDatabase-as-a-ServiceCommand Query Responsibility Segregation (CQRS)Conclusion: Wrapping Up Cloud-Native Storage
Introduction to Cloud Application ClientsMultimodal User InterfacesSeparate UI and DomainPorts and Adapters (Hexagonal) ArchitecturePrinciples for Application User InterfacesArchitecting Applications with Multimodal ClientsClient ApplicationBrowser ApplicationWeb Form ApplicationServlet and JSP with Microservices and Interaction ModelsSingle-Page ApplicationMicro FrontendMobile ApplicationCommand-Line InterfacePublic APIInteraction ModelConclusion: Wrapping Up Cloud Application Clients
Introduction to Application Migration and ModernizationCloud Computing Service ModelsModernization and Technical DebtApplication FundamentalsCloud Migration StrategiesMigrating and Modernizing Applications in the CloudLift and ShiftVirtualize the ApplicationContainerize the ApplicationRefactor the MonolithStart SmallPave the RoadConclusion: Wrapping Up Application Migration and Modernization
Introduction to Strangling MonolithsStrangler PatternsStrangle the MonolithWrap the MonolithNew Features as MicroservicesTransform Monolith into MicroservicesHairline CracksExtract ComponentMacro ServiceRefactor then ExtractReplace as MicroserviceAddressing Challenging Areas in the MonolithMonolith to Microservice ProxyPlayback TestingConclusion: Wrapping Up Strangling Monoliths
What We’ve LearnedApplying What We’ve LearnedWhat Comes NextApplication DeploymentBuild AutomationContinuous DeliveryFinal Thoughts

Content preview from Cloud Application Architecture Patterns

Chapter 4. Microservices Architecture

While a Cloud-Native Architecture structures an application to incorporate cloud computing practices, a Microservices Architecture refines that further to modularize the application and distribute the cloud-native modules across the cloud infrastructure.

Back in the day, all applications were monolithic applications. Developers didn’t need to specify that what they were producing were monoliths; they were just applications. Then with the advent of client/server computing, developers started designing applications with Distributed Architecture, structuring a single application as coordinated parts that could run on different computers. Service-oriented architecture (SOA) evolved to structure the distributed parts as services that could invoke one another to perform functionality. This is when monolithic architecture became one of multiple possibilities: an application could be a monolith or distributed.

With the advent of cloud computing, developers started creating Cloud-Native Applications (Chapter 3). Likewise, developers designed the services in service-oriented architecture to run on the cloud by incorporating Cloud-Native Architecture into services, evolving services into miniature applications that became known as microservices.

Introduction to Microservices Architecture

This chapter explains how to build applications that work the way cloud does: composed of a constellation of small components that can be replicated easily and distributed ...