chapter 4

Directional Consistency

Law is order, and good law is good order.

Aristotle, Politics

How do we explain how people perform so well on tasks that are theoretically intractable? One explanation is to assume that intelligent behavior is actually grounded in approximation methods that are based on idealized, easy-to-solve models. In other words, we assume people intuitively transform hard tasks into a series of more manageable, simple tasks, which, taken together, approximate the original task. Some real-life problems may naturally fall into such easy classes and can thus be solved efficiently. Likewise, some difficult problems may be transformed into simplified versions that are not too distant from the original problems. Following ...

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