2 Mathematical Foundation for Data Science
2.1 Linear Algebra
Data science has applications in almost all branches of civil engineering. A strong mathematical theory forms the foundation of all data science models. Mathematical concepts like linear algebra, gradient-based optimization techniques and regression techniques are foundations of data analysis models. Therefore, in order to extract knowledge and hidden patterns from the raw data, it is essential to have understanding of all such core mathematical concepts. These mathematical concepts, together with some illustrations are covered in Sections 1 and 2.
Data, which may be an observation, feature or an attribute, ...
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