What I tell you three times is true.
—Lewis Carroll:The Hunting of the Snark (1876)
What does it mean to say something’s redundant? It turns out, rather surprisingly—or perhaps it’s not so surprising, given all of the difficulties we’ve experienced in connection with the concept in prior chapters—to be quite difficult to come up with a precise answer to this question. The best
Chambers Twentieth Century Dictionary (usually so good and pithy in its definitions) is able to come up with is the following: