Deep Learning and XAI Techniques for Anomaly Detection

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Backpropagation versus Perturbation Explainability

Researchers discovered that the human brain can process and interpret images the eye sees in 13 milliseconds. The human visual process begins when light reaches the retina, which converts light into neural signals for sending information, such as shape, hue, and orientation, to the brain. Based on past experiences, the human brain extracts information that influences visual perception.

Figure 7.1 shows how the computer sees images in a grid of pixel values ranging between 0 and 255 without inherent knowledge of shapes and colors. Deep neural networks, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), resemble the human brain, containing nonlinear structures and layers of artificial neurons to ...