Three Different Models

Our product actually reflects three different models:

  • How the user thinks the product works. This is the user’s mental model of the product.

  • How the product is presented to the user in the user interface. I call this the UI model.[40]

  • How the product is implemented. I call this the implementation model.[41]

In an ideal product, these three models are consistent with each other. The user interface perfectly represents the implementation, and the user perfectly understands what he sees.

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