Chapter 2. Security and Compliance Challenges and Constraints in DevOps
Let’s begin by looking at the major security and compliance challenges and constraints for DevOps.
Speed: The Velocity of Delivery
The velocity of change in IT continues to increase. This became a serious challenge for security and compliance with Agile development teams delivering working software in one- or two-week sprints. But the speed at which some DevOps shops initiate and deliver changes boggles the mind. Organizations like Etsy are pushing changes to production 50 or more times each day. Amazon has thousands of small (“two pizza”) engineering teams working independently and continuously deploying changes across their infrastructure. In 2014, Amazon deployed 50 million changes: that’s more than one change deployed every second of every day.1
So much change so fast...
How can security possibly keep up with this rate of change? How can they understand the risks, and what can they do to manage them when there is no time to do pen testing or audits, and no place to put in control gates, and you can’t even try to add a security sprint or a hardening sprint in before the system is released to production?
Where’s the Design?
DevOps builds on Agile development practices and extends Agile ideas and practices from development into operations.
A challenge for many security teams already working in Agile environments is that developers spend much less time upfront on design. The Agile manifesto emphasizes “working ...