January 2001
Intermediate to advanced
288 pages
7h 52m
English
Content preview from DHCP for Windows 2000
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MAC Addresses
Media Access Control (MAC) addresses are hardware addresses that uniquely identify a network interface card (NIC) in a host.
MAC addresses are 48 bits in length and are written as 12 hexadecimal digits. The first 6 hexadecimal digits identify the manufacturer of the NIC. This is known as the Organizational Unique Identifier (OUI), which is administered by the IEEE. Each manufacturer of Ethernet devices must register with the IEEE. The remaining 6 hexadecimal digits are used as a serial number, which is administered by the individual manufacturer (see Figure 1.6).
Figure 1-6. Example of MAC addresses
Table 1.1 lists the OUI numbers for several well-known NIC manufacturers.
Table 1-1. List of Common OUI Numbers
|
Manufacturer |
OUI Number |
|---|---|
|
Novell |
00-00-1B |
|
Cisco |
00-00-0C |
|
3Com |
00-20-AF |
|
HP |
08-00-09 |
|
Apple |
08-00-07 |
|
IBM |
08-00-5A |
|
Intel |
00-90-27 |
|
Microsoft |
00-50-F2 |
ARP
In order for communication to take place across an internetwork, a MAC address must be resolved to a logical network address (an IP address, which I will cover in more detail in the next section). This is accomplished by using the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP). ARP works slightly differently depending on whether it is used in a LAN or WAN environment.
In a LAN environment, ARP is used when a host needs to transmit data to another host (see Figure 1.7). To find out the destination host’s MAC ...
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