The camera’s lens and the recordist’s microphone are not equivalent devices. A lens merely processes light rays so that they can then be captured on film or converted into electrical signals. Light rays enter from the front and leave from the rear. The microphone, on the other hand, is the device which actually performs the conversion. The task of the microphone is to receive vibrations from the surrounding air and change them into electrical impulses which can be recorded onto some medium, usually magnetic tape. Numerous different means have been tried over the years to achieve this, but for a long time, two devices have been in principal use: the dynamic microphone and the capacitative.
A dynamic microphone depends ...
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