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Encyclopedia of Electronic Components Volume 1

Name: Encyclopedia of Electronic Components Volume 1
Author: Charles Platt
ISBN: 9781449333898

by Charles Platt

October 2012

Beginner

294 pages

12h 41m

English

Make: Community

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Dedication
Preface
1. Datasheets2. Wikipedia3. Manufacturers’ Tutorials4. Personal GuidesThe Encyclopedic SolutionThe AudienceCompletenessOther InformationAcknowledgments
1. How to Use This Book
Reference vs. TutorialTheory and PracticeOrganizationSubject PathsInclusions and ExclusionsTypographical ConventionsVolume ContentsSafari® Books OnlineHow to Contact Us
2. battery
What It DoesHow It WorksElectrode TerminologyVariantsDisposable BatteriesRechargeable BatteriesValuesAmperageCapacityVoltageHow to Use itWhat Can Go WrongShort Circuits: Overheating and FireDiminished Performance Caused by Improper RechargingComplete Discharge of Lead-Acid BatteryInadequate CurrentIncorrect PolarityReverse ChargingSulfurizationHigh Current Flow Between Parallel Batteries
3. jumper
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsValuesHow to Use itWhat Can Go Wrong
4. fuse
What It DoesHow It WorksValuesVariantsSmall Cartridge FusesAutomotive FusesStrip FusesThrough-Hole FusesResettable FusesSurface Mount FusesHow to Use itWhat Can Go WrongRepeated FailureSoldering DamagePlacement
5. pushbutton
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsPoles and ThrowsOn-Off BehaviorSliderStylesTermination and Contact PlatingMounting StyleSealed or UnsealedLatchingFoot PedalKeypadTactile SwitchMembrane PadRadio ButtonsSnap-Action SwitchesEmergency SwitchValuesHow to Use itWhat Can Go WrongNo ButtonMounting ProblemsLED IssuesOther Problems
6. switch
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsTerminologyPoles and ThrowsOn-Off BehaviorSnap-ActionRockerSliderToggleDIPSIPPaddleVandal Resistant SwitchTactile SwitchMounting OptionsTerminationContact Plating OptionsValuesHow to Use itPower SwitchesLimit SwitchesLogic CircuitsAlternativesWhat Can Go WrongArcingDry JointsShort CircuitsContact ContaminationWrong Terminal TypeContact BounceMechanical WearMounting ProblemsCryptic Schematics
7. rotary switch
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsConventionalRotary DIPGray CodePC Board Rotary SwitchMechanical EncoderPushwheel and ThumbwheelKeylockValuesHow to Use itWhat Can Go WrongVulnerable ContactsContact OverloadMisalignmentMisidentified Shorting SwitchUser AbuseWrong Shaft, Wrong Knobs, Nuts That Get Lost, Too Big to Fit
8. rotational encoder
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsPulses and DetentsFormatOutputRotational ResistanceValuesContact BounceSliding NoiseHow to Use itWhat Can Go WrongSwitch BounceContact Burnout

9. relay
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsLatchingPolarityPinout VariationsReed RelaySmall Signal RelayAutomotive RelaysGeneral Purpose/IndustrialTime Delay RelayContactorValuesHow to Use itWhat Can Go WrongWrong PinoutsWrong OrientationWrong TypeWrong PolarityAC and DCChatterRelay Coil Voltage SpikeArcingMagnetic FieldsEnvironmental Hazards
10. resistor
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsResistor ArrayValuesToleranceValue CodingStabilityMaterialsHow to Use itIn Series with LEDCurrent Limiting with a TransistorPullup and Pulldown ResistorsAudio Tone ControlRC NetworkVoltage DividerResistors in SeriesResistors in ParallelWhat Can Go WrongHeatNoiseInductanceInaccuracyWrong Values
11. potentiometer
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsLinear and Log TaperClassic-style PotentiometerMultiple-Turn PotentiometerGanged PotentiometerSwitched PotentiometerSlider PotentiometerTrimmer PotentiometerHow to Use itWhat Can Go WrongWear and TearKnobs that Don’t FitNuts that Get LostA Shaft that Isn’t Long EnoughSliders with No Finger GripToo Big to FitOverheatingThe Wrong Taper
12. capacitor
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsFormatPrincipal TypesDielectricsValuesFaradsCommonly Used ValuesDielectric ConstantThe Time ConstantMultiple CapacitorsAlternating Current and Capacitive ReactanceEquivalent Series ResistanceHow to Use itBypass CapacitorCoupling CapacitorHigh-Pass FilterLow-Pass FilterSmoothing CapacitorSnubberCapacitor as a Battery SubstituteWhat Can Go WrongWrong PolarityVoltage OverloadLeakageDielectric MemorySpecific Electrolytic IssuesHeatVibrationMisleading Nomenclature
13. variable capacitor
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsValuesFormatsHow to Use itWhat Can Go WrongFailure to Ground Trimmer Capacitor While Adjusting itApplication of Overcoat Material or “Lock Paint”Lack of Shielding
14. inductor
What It DoesHow It WorksDC Through a CoilMagnetic CoreEMF and Back-EMFElectrical and Magnetic PolarityVariantsMagnetic CoresNonmagnetic CoresVariable InductorsFerrite BeadsToroidal CoresGyratorValuesCalculating InductanceCalculating ReactanceCalculating ReluctanceDatasheet TerminologySeries and Parallel ConfigurationsTime ConstantHow to Use itCore ChoicesMiniaturizationWhat Can Go WrongReal-World DefectsSaturationRF Problems
15. AC-AC transformer
What It DoesHow It WorksThe CoreTapsVariantsCore ShapesPower TransformerPlug-in TransformerIsolation TransformerAutotransformerVariable TransformerAudio TransformerSplit-Bobbin TransformerSurface-Mount TransformerValuesHow to Use itWhat Can Go WrongReversal of Input and OutputShock Hazard from Common GroundAccidental DC InputOverloadIncorrect AC Frequency
16. AC-DC power supply
What It DoesVariantsLinear Regulated Power SupplySwitching Power SupplyUnregulated Power SupplyAdjustable Power SupplyVoltage MultiplierFormatsHow to Use itWhat Can Go WrongHigh Voltage ShockCapacitor FailureElectrical NoisePeak Inrush
17. DC-DC converter
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsBuck ConverterBoost ConverterFlyback Converter with InductorFlyback Converter with TransformerFormatsValuesNominal Input Voltage and FrequencyOutput VoltageInput Current and Output CurrentLoad RegulationEfficiencyRipple and NoiseIsolated or Non-IsolatedHow to Use itWhat Can Go WrongElectrical Noise in OutputExcess Heat with No LoadInaccurate Voltage Output with Low Load
18. DC-AC inverter
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsValuesHow to Use itWhat Can Go Wrong
19. voltage regulator
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsPackagingPopular VarietiesAdjustable RegulatorsNegative and Positive RegulatorsLow-Dropout Linear RegulatorsQuasi-Low-Dropout Linear RegulatorsAdditional Pin FunctionsValuesHow to Use itWhat Can Go WrongInadequate Heat ManagementTransient ResponseMisidentified PartsMisidentified PinsDropout Caused by Low BatteryInaccurate Delivered Voltage
20. electromagnet
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsValuesHow to Use itWhat Can Go Wrong
21. solenoid
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsLow ProfileLatchingRotaryHinged ClapperValuesCoil Size vs. PowerHow to Use itWhat Can Go WrongHeatAC InrushUnwanted EMFLoose Plunger
22. DC motor
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsCoil ConfigurationsGearhead MotorBrushless DC MotorLinear ActuatorValuesHow to Use itSpeed ControlDirection ControlLimit SwitchesWhat Can Go WrongBrushes and CommutatorElectrical NoiseHeat effectsAmbient ConditionsWrong Shaft Type or DiameterIncompatible Motor MountsBacklashBearingsAudible Noise
23. AC motor
What It DoesHow It WorksStator DesignRotor DesignVariantsSingle-Phase Induction MotorThree-Phase Induction MotorSynchronous MotorReluctance MotorVariable Frequency DriveWound-Rotor AC Induction MotorUniversal MotorInverted AC MotorsValuesHow to Use ItWhat Can Go WrongPremature RestartFrequent RestartUndervoltage or Voltage ImbalanceStalled MotorProtective RelaysExcess TorqueInternal Breakage
24. servo motor
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsValuesHow to Use itModification for Continuous RotationWhat Can Go WrongIncorrect WiringShaft/Horn MismatchUnrealistically Rapid Software CommandsJitterMotor OverloadUnrealistic Duty CycleElectrical Noise
25. stepper motor
What It DoesHow It WorksReluctance Stepper MotorsPermanent Magnet Stepper MotorsBipolar Stepper MotorsUnipolar MotorsVariantsHigh Phase CountHybridBifilarMultiphaseMicrosteppingSensing and FeedbackVoltage ControlValuesHow to Use itProtection DiodesPositional ControlWhat Can Go WrongIncorrect WiringStep LossExcessive TorqueHysteresisResonanceHuntingSaturationRotor Demagnetization
26. diode
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsPackagingSignal DiodesRectifier DiodesZener DiodeTransient Voltage Suppressor (TVS)Schottky DiodeVaractor DiodeTunnel Diode, Gunn Diode, PIN DiodeDiode ArrayBridge RectifierValuesHow to Use itRectificationBack-EMF SuppressionVoltage SelectionVoltage ClampingLogic GateDC Voltage Regulation and Noise SuppressionAC Voltage Control and Signal ClippingVoltage SensingWhat Can Go WrongOverloadReversed PolarityWrong Type of Diode
27. unijunction transistor
What It DoesHow It WorksVariantsValuesHow to Use itWhat Can Go WrongName ConfusionIncorrect BiasOverload
28. bipolar transistor
What It DoesHow It WorksCurrent GainTerminologyVariantsPackagingConnectionsHow to Use itDarlington PairsAmplifiersWhat Can Go WrongWrong Connections on a Bipolar TransistorWrong Connections on a Darlington Pair ChipSoldering DamageExcessive Current or VoltageExcessive Leakage
29. field effect transistor
What It DoesHow It WorksJFETsJFET BehaviorMOSFETsThe Substrate ConnectionVariantsMESFETV-Channel MOSFETTrench MOSValuesHow to Use itP-Channel DisadvantageBipolar SubstitutionAmplifier Front EndsVoltage-Controlled ResistorCompatibility with Digital DevicesWhat Can Go WrongStatic ElectricityHeatWrong Bias
A. Schematic Symbols
Index
About the Author
Copyright

Content preview from Encyclopedia of Electronic Components Volume 1

Chapter 2. battery

This entry covers electrochemical power sources. Electricity is most often generated electromagnetically, but since these sources cannot be classified as components, they are outside the scope of the encyclopedia. Electrostatic sources are excluded for similar reasons.

A battery is sometimes referred to as a cell or power cell, but can actually contain multiple cells, as defined in this entry. It used to be called an accumulator or a pile, but those terms are now archaic.

Other related components

capacitor (see Chapter 12)

What It Does

A battery contains one or more electrochemical cells in which chemical reactions create an electrical potential between two immersed terminals. This potential can be discharged ...

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Encyclopedia of Electronic Components Volume 3

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Encyclopedia of Electronic Components Volume 1

by Charles Platt

Chapter 2. battery

What It Does

Become an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
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