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Reversing the Great U-Turn
Pay Equity, Poverty, and Inequality
Deborah M. Figart and June Lapidus
Empirical research by labor economists as well as sociologists interested in wage discrimination has demonstrated that a significant portion of the gender-based wage gap can be attributed to occupational gender segregation. A wage penalty exists for male and female incumbents in traditionally female occupations, even after accounting for human capital and institutional variables (England 1992; Sorensen 1989a, 1989b, 1994; Treiman and Hartmann 1981). Feminist researchers have studied the processes that perpetuate and exacerbate this wage penalty, including biased job evaluation systems (Steinberg 1992; Wajcman 1991), socially designated ...
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