Essential Human Anatomy for Artists

CHAPTER 5

THE UPPER AND LOWER LIMBS

This chapter explores the proportions and anatomy of bones, muscles, and joints of the arms, legs, hands, and feet from the standpoint of each individual muscle with its origins, insertions, and actions. Their appearance in their entirety is also shown from front, back, and side views.

Ken Goldman, Reclining Male, vine charcoal on stonehenge paper, 32" × 50" (81 × 127 cm) (detail) “First we draw what we see; then we draw what we know; finally, we see what we know . . .”—Robert Beverly Hale

UPPER ARMS

BONES OF THE ARM: FRONT VIEW

The underlying skeletal structure determines much of the overall shape ...