Functional and Smart Materials

9   Biomaterials

Manoj Mittal

IKG Punjab Technical University

CONTENTS

9.1     History of Biomaterials

9.2     Orthopaedic and Dental Implant Materials

9.2.1     Metallic Implant Materials

9.2.2     Biomaterials Based on Ca and P

9.2.2.1     Tri-Calcium Phosphate (TCP)

9.2.2.2     Tetracalcium Phosphate (TTCP)

9.2.2.3     Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (ACP)

9.2.2.4     Apatite

9.2.2.5     Porous and Dense HA Materials

9.2.2.6     HA-Based Composites

9.2.2.7     HA-Based Composite Coatings

9.2.2.8     Bond Coat

9.2.2.9     Significance of Bone Implant Interface

9.2.2.10   Comparison of Biological and Synthetic HA

9.3     Failure Mechanism of HA Coatings

9.3.1     Dissolution Behaviour of Hydroxyapatite

9.3.2     Unresolved Issues of Degradation ...