FIGURES

2.1 Various ways of interpreting the example ambiguous transformation: (a) change of coordinates; (b) transformation of plane onto itself; and (c) transformation from one plane to another. 11

2.2 The solutions of the linear equation 3x1 + 2x2 = 6. 26

2.3 Three possible two-equation linear system solutions. 27

2.4 Schematic diagram of a function. 46

2.5 Composition of two functions. 47

2.6 One-to-one, onto, and isomorphic maps. 48

2.7 One-to-one and onto functions. 48

2.8 An invertible mapping. 49

2.9 Least squares example. 57

3.1 Vectors as directed line segments. 64

3.2 Two vectors. 65

3.3 Two vectors drawn head-to-tail. 65

3.4 Vector addition. 66

3.5 Vector addition chain. 66

3.6 Vector subtraction. 67

3.7 Vector multiplication. ...

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