April 2016
Intermediate to advanced
256 pages
6h 48m
English
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Chapter 5
Implementation Considerations
5.1 Float-Point
Float-point (FP) arithmetic is ubiquitous in computer systems. However, it has been known that it is erroneous to compute with floating-point numbers and operations due to the finite precision.
5.1.1 Instabilities
FP suffers some well-known numerical instabilities [65]:
• Rounding generates an error.
• Non associativity. For instance, (a + b) + c and a + (b + c) are not necessarily identical.
•
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