March 2025
Intermediate to advanced
352 pages
6h 24m
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil)
Content preview from Guia de Bolso do Linux, 4ª Edição
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Capítulo 1. Conceitos essenciais
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O que é o Linux?
Linux é um sistema operativo (SO) gratuito e de código aberto que é uma alternativa ao Microsoft Windows e ao Apple macOS. O Linux alimenta a maioria dos servidores na Internet. Funciona nos bastidores de todos os telemóveis Android e Chromebooks, e em milhões de dispositivos ligados à rede, como routers, firewalls e sistemas robóticos de ordenha de vacas (a sério). Também funciona bem em computadores de secretária e portáteis.
O Linux tem quatro partes principais, mostradas na Figura 1-1:
- O núcleo
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Software de baixo nível. Controla o hardware e as funções básicas como o agendamento de processos e a ligação em rede. Poucos utilizadores interagem diretamente com o kernel.
- Programas fornecidos
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Milhares de programas para manipulação de ficheiros, edição de texto, desenvolvimento de software, navegação na web, áudio, vídeo, encriptação, matemática... o que quiseres. Estes programas falam com o kernel. Os programas que correm na linha de comandos são chamados comandos.
- A concha
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Um programa Linux para executar comandos e mostrar os resultados. O Linux tem uma variedade de shells com diferentes caraterísticas. Este livro foca-se numa shell chamada bash, que é frequentemente a predefinição para contas de utilizador. Algumas outras shells são dash, fish, ksh (Korn shell), tcsh (TC shell, ou T shell), zsh (Z shell) ...
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.