
July 2, 2015 17:28 PSP Book - 9in x 6in 02-Nanomagnetism-c02
28 Spintronics and Spintronic Applications
J
C
=
2eαM
S
t(H
K
± H + 2π M
S
)
η
(2.5)
where e is the electron charge, α is the damping constant, M
S
is
the saturation magnetization, t
F
is the thickness of the FL, H
K
is the
effective anisotropy field including magnetocrystalline anisotropy
and shape anisotropy, H
ext
is the external field, is the reduced
Planck’s constant, and η is the spin transfer efficiency. The ± sign
denotes the positive and negative directions of the electron current
flow, with the positive direction defined as the electron flow from
the fixed RL to the FL.
The STT switching effect was initially ...