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HashiCorp Terraform Associate (003) Exam Guide

Name: HashiCorp Terraform Associate (003) Exam Guide
ISBN: 9781804618844

by Chandra Mohan Dhanasekaran, Manjunath H. Gowda

May 2024

Intermediate to advanced

344 pages

English

Packt Publishing

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HashiCorp Terraform Associate (003)
Exam Guide HashiCorp Terraform Associate (003) Exam GuideContributorsAbout the AuthorsAbout the Reviewers
Preface
Who This Book Is ForWhat This Book CoversOnline Practice ResourcesDownload the Example Code FilesDownload the Color ImagesConventions UsedGet in TouchSetting up the EnvironmentComponents of TerraformTerraform InstallationmacOSPre-Compiled Binary DownloadLinuxUbuntuAmazon LinuxUbuntuCompile from SourceWindowsPre-Compiled Binary DownloadConfigure Terraform for AWSShare Your ThoughtsDownload a Free PDF Copy of This Book
Introduction to Infrastructure as Code (IaC) and Concepts
Making the Most Out of This Book – Your Certification and BeyondTechnical RequirementsWhat Is IaC?ScenarioBasic Concepts of IaCDeclarative Approach versus Imperative ApproachVersion ControlIdempotencyInfrastructure Provisioning and Configuration ManagementIaC Tools in the MarketHow to Choose the Right IaC ToolHashiCorp TerraformProgress ChefCreating Your First RecipePuppetPulumiAWS CloudFormationIaC Use CasesMulti-Cloud DeploymentsApplication Deployments, Scaling, and Monitoring ToolsPolicy Compliance and ManagementTesting Environments and Software DemosBenefits of IaCRapid Deployments and Tool IntegrationLower Costs and Error ReductionConfiguration Drift EliminationImproved Infrastructure ConsistencyDevOps and CI/CDDon’t Repeat Yourself (DRY)Creating a Simple AWS DynamoDB Table Using a CloudFormation TemplateCreating an AWS S3 Bucket Using TerraformSummaryExam Readiness Drill – Chapter Review QuestionsExam Readiness DrillATTEMPT 1ATTEMPT 2ATTEMPT 3Working On Timing
Why Do We Need Terraform?
History of Infrastructure ProvisioningWhy Is the Cloud Model a Good Fit for Infrastructure Automation?Infrastructure Automation Using IaCAdvantages of IaCVarious Options for Implementing IaCAd Hoc ScriptsConfiguration Management ToolsCloud-Based IaC ServicesCloud-Agnostic IaC ToolsWhat Is Terraform?Features of TerraformCloud/Vendor AgnosticA Pioneer in IaCWide Partner IntegrationDeclarativeIdempotentEasy Learning CurveVersion ControlledAutomationDocumentationCommunity SupportLicensing Change from Version 1.5.5 (Aug 2023)SummaryExam Readiness Drill – Chapter Review QuestionsExam Readiness DrillATTEMPT 1ATTEMPT 2ATTEMPT 3Working On Timing
Basics of Terraform and Core Workflow
Technical RequirementsHow Terraform WorksGetting Started with TerraformTerraform CLI Installation CheckAWS CLI Installation CheckCreating Your First Terraform Resource – AWS IAM UserSetting up AWS CredentialsTerraform ConfigurationCreating the AWS IAM UserTerraform SettingsHCP Terraform Configuration Using the cloud {} blockTerraform Backend Configuration Using the backend {} BlockInitializationPartial ConfigurationThe required_version SettingThe required_providers {} BlockExperimental FeaturesProvider MetadataTerraform ProvidersTypes of Terraform ProvidersOfficial ProvidersPartner ProvidersCommunity ProvidersArchived ProvidersProvider RequirementsLocal NamesSource AddressesVersion ConstraintsProvider ConfigurationProvider Meta-ArgumentsDependency lock file (.terraform.lock.hcl)Resources and Data SourcesResources SyntaxResources Meta-Argumentsdepends_oncountfor_eachproviderlifecycleData SourcesVariables and OutputsInput VariablesDeclaring Input VariablesSupported ArgumentsInput Variables AssignmentInput Variables PrecedenceOutput ValuesLocal ValuesCore WorkflowWrite – Creating the Configuration ScriptPlan – Previewing the ChangesApply – Provisioning the InfrastructureSummaryExam Readiness Drill – Chapter Review QuestionsExam Readiness DrillATTEMPT 1ATTEMPT 2ATTEMPT 3Working On Timing
Terraform Commands and State Management
Technical RequirementsBasic Workflow CommandsThe init CommandThe plan CommandThe apply CommandThe destroy CommandCommands for Code ManagementThe fmt CommandThe validate CommandSpecial CommandsThe login CommandThe logout CommandThe console CommandThe output CommandThe show CommandThe graph CommandThe import CommandState Management and the terraform state CommandThe state CommandSubcommands of terraform stateThe terraform state list CommandThe terraform state show CommandThe terraform state mv CommandThe terraform state rm CommandThe terraform state replace-provider CommandThe terraform state pull CommandThe terraform state push CommandSummaryExam Readiness Drill – Chapter Review QuestionsExam Readiness DrillATTEMPT 1ATTEMPT 2ATTEMPT 3Working On Timing
Terraform Modules
Technical RequirementsWhy Do We Need Modules?ComplexityDuplication of CodeSegregationMisconfigurationWhat Is a Terraform Module?Advantages of ModulesReduces ComplexityReduces Code DuplicationSegregationReduces MisconfigurationsSelf-ServiceTypes of ModulesThe Root ModuleThe Child ModuleLocal ModulesRemote ModulesPrivate ModulesPublic ModulesModule StructureThe Module Block’s SyntaxKey Points to Consider When You Create a ModuleKey Points to Consider While Using a ModuleDrawbacks of ModulesSummaryExam Readiness Drill – Chapter Review QuestionsExam Readiness DrillATTEMPT 1ATTEMPT 2ATTEMPT 3Working On Timing
Terraform Backends and Resource Management
What Are Backends?Backend ConfigurationConfiguring the backend {} BlockPartial ConfigurationSupported Backendslocalremotes3httpEnvironment Variable SupportpgEnvironment Variable SupportKubernetesConsulazurermcosEnvironment Variable SupportgcsossResource Addressing and DependenciesResource AddressingModule PathResource SpecificationsAddressing Resources with the for_each {} BlockResource DependenciesImplicit DependencyExplicit DependencyExpressions and ConstraintsData TypesOperatorsConditional Expressionsfor Expressionssplat ExpressionsType ConstraintsThe any Type“optional”Version ConstraintsSummaryExam Readiness Drill – Chapter Review QuestionsExam Readiness DrillATTEMPT 1ATTEMPT 2ATTEMPT 3Working On Timing
Debugging and Troubleshooting Terraform
Configuration Errorsoverride.tf File-Related Issuesterraform validateVariable-Related IssuesType ConstraintInput ValidationVariable PrecedenceState-Related IssuesConfiguration DriftState ConflictMigrating the State from One Backend to AnotherCore and Provider-Related IssuesModule-Related IssuesMissing FeaturesOutput-Related IssuesUnsupported ArgumentVersion-Related IssuesTaking Help from the ForumBug ReportingGotchasAvoid Lists Where PossibleUsing -target in Terraform RunsGeneral TipsSummaryExam Readiness Drill – Chapter Review QuestionsExam Readiness DrillATTEMPT 1ATTEMPT 2ATTEMPT 3Working On Timing
Terraform Functions
Technical RequirementsFunction SyntaxNumeric FunctionsThe abs() FunctionThe ceil() FunctionThe floor() FunctionThe max() FunctionThe min() FunctionThe pow() FunctionThe log() FunctionThe signum() FunctionThe parseint() FunctionString FunctionsThe split() FunctionThe join() FunctionThe endswith() FunctionThe startswith() FunctionThe chomp() FunctionThe substr() FunctionThe strrev() FunctionThe lower() FunctionThe upper() FunctionThe trim() FunctionThe trimprefix() and trimsuffix() FunctionsThe trimspace() FunctionThe indent() FunctionThe replace() FunctionThe strcontains() FunctionThe title() FunctionThe format() FunctionThe formatlist() FunctionThe regex() FunctionThe regexall() FunctionDate and Time FunctionsThe timestamp() FunctionThe formatdate() FunctionThe plantimestamp() FunctionThe timeadd() FunctionThe timecmp() FunctionCollection FunctionsThe alltrue() FunctionThe anytrue() FunctionThe chunklist() FunctionThe coalesce() and coalescelist() FunctionsThe compact() FunctionThe concat() FunctionThe contains() FunctionThe distinct() FunctionThe element() FunctionThe flatten() FunctionThe keys() and values() FunctionsThe index() FunctionThe length() FunctionThe lookup() FunctionThe matchkeys() FunctionThe merge() FunctionThe one() FunctionThe range() FunctionThe reverse() FunctionSet FunctionsThe setintersection() MethodThe setproduct() MethodThe setunion() MethodThe setsubtract() MethodThe slice() FunctionThe sort() FunctionThe sum() FunctionThe transpose() FunctionThe zipmap() FunctionType Conversion FunctionsThe can() FunctionThe sensitive() and nonsensitive() FunctionsThe try() FunctionThe type() FunctionConversion FunctionsFilesystem FunctionsThe abspath() FunctionThe dirname() and basename() FunctionsThe pathexpand() FunctionThe file() and filebase64() FunctionsThe fileexists() FunctionThe fileset() FunctionThe templatefile() FunctionIP Network FunctionsThe cidrhost() FunctionThe cidrnetmask() FunctionThe cidrsubnet() FunctionThe cidrsubnets() FunctionEncoding FunctionsThe base64encode() and base64decode() FunctionsThe base64gzip() FunctionThe csvdecode() FunctionThe jsonencode() and jsondecode() FunctionsThe textencodebase64() FunctionThe textdecodebase64() FunctionThe urlencode() FunctionThe yamlencode() and yamldecode() FunctionsHash and Crypto FunctionsThe uuid() FunctionThe uuidv5() FunctionSummaryExam Readiness Drill – Chapter Review QuestionsExam Readiness DrillATTEMPT 1ATTEMPT 2ATTEMPT 3Working On Timing

Understanding HCP Terraform’s Capabilities
Terraform EditionsShortcomings of Terraform Community EditionHCP Terraform FeaturesRemote State ManagementMultiple WorkflowsMultiple Execution ModesVersion Control System IntegrationPrivate RegistryNotificationsRun TasksRole-Based Access ControlPolicy EnforcementCost EstimationHCP Terraform PricingKey Concepts of HCP TerraformWorkspacesProjectsUsersTeamsPermissionsOrganizationsLocking WorkspacesSentinel PoliciesExplorerHCP Terraform Sign-UpCreating an Account with HCP TerraformCreating an Account with HCPExercises on Workflows and Execution ModesRemote Execution Mode Using the CLI-Driven WorkflowLocal Execution Mode Using the CLI-Driven WorkflowRemote Execution Mode Using the VCS/UI WorkflowCreating a Public GitHub Repository and Adding Configuration FilesIntegrating the VCS Repository with HCP TerraformTesting the VCS/UI Workflow in HCP TerraformCost Estimation FeatureMigrating to HCP Terraform or Terraform EnterpriseTerraform Enterprise FeaturesSummaryExam Readiness Drill – Chapter Review QuestionsExam Readiness DrillATTEMPT 1ATTEMPT 2ATTEMPT 3Working On Timing
Miscellaneous Topics
Technical RequirementsInput ValidationsPreconditions and PostconditionsThe check {} blockWorkspacesThe dynamic {} blockProvisionersThe file provisionerThe local-exec provisionerThe remote-exec provisionerHandling Sensitive DataAWS Access Keys or Admin CredentialsVariablesOutput ValuesNext StepsSummaryExam Readiness Drill – Chapter Review QuestionsExam Readiness DrillATTEMPT 1ATTEMPT 2ATTEMPT 3Working On Timing
Accessing the Online Practice Resources
How to Access These ResourcesPurchased from Packt Store (packtpub.com)Packt+ SubscriptionPurchased from Amazon and Other SourcesSTEP 1STEP 2STEP 3STEP 4STEP 5Troubleshooting TipsShare FeedbackBack to the Book
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Content preview from HashiCorp Terraform Associate (003) Exam Guide

2 Why Do We Need Terraform?

This chapter will help you understand how infrastructure provisioning was done in different periods of IT history, the challenges associated with it, and how infrastructure automation tools solved those problems.

You will learn what Infrastructure as Code (IaC) is and its advantages when compared to the manual provisioning of infrastructure. Then, this chapter will discuss the various tools/services available on the market for Infrastructure as Code, and their pros and cons with respect to Terraform.

Further, the chapter will discuss the Terraform tool and its advantages over other tools/services used for Infrastructure as Code. Finally, the chapter will conclude by providing an overview of the licensing change made ...

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HashiCorp Certified Terraform Associate (003)

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HashiCorp Terraform Associate (003) Exam Guide

by Chandra Mohan Dhanasekaran, Manjunath H. Gowda

2

Why Do We Need Terraform?

Become an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
and much more.