CHAPTER 18

The Middle East and Africa

Gap states have not benefited positively from globalization.

The forces in the global environment after the events of September 11, 2001, have changed the world. Many experts have written to explain where the world is headed, among them two who have articulated the impact of global events on business practices.

In his 2000 book, The Lexus and the Olive Tree: Understanding Globalization, Thomas Friedman has explained how throughout the 1990s globalization, fueled by forces of technology and intellect, radically reshaped the world. He has continued the discussion in his The World is Flat: A Brief History of the 21st Century (2005) and in his Hot, Flat, and Crowded: Why We Need a Green Revolution- and How ...

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