July 2002
Beginner
360 pages
11h 19m
English
Content preview from IPv6 EssentialsBecome an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
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Neighbor Discovery
Neighbor discovery (ND) is specified in RFC 2461 (obsoletes RFC 1970). The specifications in this RFC relate to different protocols and processes known from IPv4 that have been modified and improved. New functionality has also been added. It combines Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) and ICMP router discovery and Redirect. With IPv4, we have no means to detect whether or not a neighbor is reachable. With the neighbor discovery protocol, a neighbor unreachability detection mechanism has been defined. Duplicate IP address detection has been implemented, too. IPv6 nodes use neighbor discovery for the following purposes:
To determine layer 2 addresses of nodes on the same link
To find neighboring routers that can forward their packets
To keep track of which neighbors are reachable and which are not, and detect changed link-layer addresses
The following improvements over the IPv4 set of protocols can be noted:
Router discovery is now part of the base protocol set. With IPv4, the mechanism needs to get the information from the routing table.
Router advertisement packets contain link-layer addresses for the router. There is no need for the node receiving a Router Advertisement to send out an additional ARP request (as an IPv4 node would have to do) to get the link-layer address for the router interface. The same is true for ICMPv6 redirect messages; they contain the link-layer address of the new next-hop router interface.
Router advertisement packets contain the ...
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